Maple News reports that individuals aged 18 to 54 applying for Canadian citizenship must prove they possess an adequate knowledge of either English or French—Canada’s two official languages. This language requirement is part of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada’s (IRCC) efforts to ensure new citizens can effectively integrate into Canadian society.
The term “adequate knowledge” is defined by four general language abilities: engaging in short, everyday conversations; understanding basic instructions and questions; using fundamental grammar, such as simple tenses and sentence structures; and expressing yourself using common words and phrases. Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in both speaking and listening.
How does IRCC assess these skills? There are three primary ways:
1. Reviewing language documentation submitted with the citizenship application.
2. Observing an applicant’s speaking ability during communication with a citizenship official.
3. Conducting a direct assessment during the citizenship interview, if needed.
Acceptable language evidence includes documents such as results from recognized language tests, transcripts or diplomas in English or French, or proof of secondary or post-secondary education completed in one of these languages.
There is a common question among applicants: does your language ability from previous immigration stages, like permanent residency, qualify for citizenship? In many cases, the answer is yes. Permanent residence applicants are often tested under frameworks such as the Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB) for English or the Niveaux de compétence linguistique canadiens (NCLC) for French. A minimum of CLB level 4 is typically considered equivalent to the language requirement for citizenship.
Applicants should be aware that their age at the time of signing the citizenship application determines whether the language requirement applies. Some applicants may also be eligible for accommodations or exemptions, especially those with specific medical conditions or disabilities. IRCC handles these requests on a case-by-case basis.
Fulfilling the language criteria is not just a requirement—it’s also an essential step toward meaningful participation in Canadian life. Strong language skills support everything from employment opportunities to community involvement and civic engagement.
Maple News emphasizes the importance of preparing adequate and complete language documentation when applying for citizenship, as failure to meet this requirement can delay or prevent successful naturalization.