Maple News reports that over 85,000 permanent residents are currently in limbo as they await Canadian citizenship tests, which were suspended at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite growing calls for modernization, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) has yet to roll out an online system to facilitate the citizenship testing process.
Canadian citizenship grants crucial benefits, including the ability to vote and obtain a Canadian passport. For many immigrants, it also signifies full inclusion into the Canadian fabric—a moment of pride and belonging. However, the current backlog means many are left waiting indefinitely with no clear path forward.
IRCC has acknowledged the demand and is exploring online testing options but faces significant challenges in verifying applicant identities and maintaining the integrity of the citizenship program. No official timeline has been provided for the implementation of these digital exams. In the meantime, IRCC has started to gradually resume in-person re-tests for some applicants.
As the pandemic reshapes how institutions approach testing, Canadian universities have adopted secure online test delivery methods. Proctoring software like ProctorU, used by many post-secondary institutions, employs time limits, AI-based monitoring, and room-lock features to reduce the possibility of cheating.
The Duolingo English Test offers a case study in remote testing integrity. Its AI monitors video sessions for suspicious behavior before human reviewers verify the software’s findings. According to Duolingo, the development of this system took five years—highlighting the level of investment and scrutiny required for secure digital testing platforms.
While virtual citizenship ceremonies resumed mid-pandemic, the volume remains far below pre-COVID levels. IRCC now processes around 2,500 to 3,000 citizenship ceremonies per week, compared to 4,700 in 2019. The reduced throughput adds to the growing backlog and delays in conferring Canadian citizenship.
Experts suggest that while digital citizenship testing is technically feasible, launching a trustworthy and fair system will require considerable investment, thorough testing, and public trust. The need for secure, accessible, and efficient solutions is more urgent than ever as Canada continues to welcome a record number of newcomers.
Until then, thousands of future Canadians remain in a holding pattern, paused at the threshold of full participation in Canadian society.